https://www.bjvm.org/index.php/home Bangladesh Journal of Veterinary Medicine (BJVM) Bangladesh Society for Veterinary Medicine en-US Bangladesh Journal of Veterinary Medicine (BJVM) 1729-7893 https://www.bjvm.org/index.php/home/article/view/180 <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Background: </strong>Brucellosis is a contagious zoonotic disease that poses a major threat to livestock health and productivity, especially in buffaloes. In Bangladesh, information on its prevalence in coastal regions such as Bhola—where traditional Bathan-based buffalo farming is practiced—is limited. Seasonal variation, water source, grazing patterns, and demographic factors such as age, sex, and body condition score (BCS) may influence disease occurrence. Understanding these determinants is essential for designing effective control strategies for the region.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was conducted in Bhola District, Bangladesh, from January 1 to December 30, 2024. A total of 150 buffaloes were screened for brucellosis using the Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) and indirect ELISA (i-ELISA). Information on age, sex, BCS, season, water source, grazing area, and Bathan hygiene was collected through structured interviews and direct observation.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Results: </strong>The overall seroprevalence of brucellosis was 8% by RBPT and 6.67% by i-ELISA. Although female buffaloes aged 2–4 years showed a higher prevalence (7.37%) than males (3.57%), and animals with a low BCS (1–2) had the highest infection rate (11.90%), these differences were&nbsp;not statistically significant. Prevalence was highest during the rainy season (12%), and buffaloes consuming river or pond water had higher seropositivity (7.92%) compared with those using tube-well water (4.08%). Buffaloes grazing in altered grazing areas (7.14%) and those kept in poorly managed Bathans (7.96%) also showed higher prevalence than their counterparts; however,&nbsp;none of these associations reached statistical significance.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although variations in seroprevalence were observed across sex, age, body condition, season, water source, grazing practices, and Bathan hygiene,&nbsp;none of these factors showed statistically significant associations&nbsp;with brucellosis in buffaloes in Bhola. These descriptive findings nonetheless suggest potential risk patterns and underscore the importance of continuous surveillance, good husbandry practices, and farmer awareness to minimize the risk of brucellosis and its economic impact in the region.</p> M. Al-Amin Jannatul Ferdous R. Bapary R. Mahmud F.B.R. Soumi M.S. Ahmed Copyright (c) 2025 Bangladesh Journal of Veterinary Medicine (BJVM) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 2025-11-24 2025-11-24 23 2 29 37